The human hand is one of the most complex structures due to its intricate anatomy, composed of bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels. Proper hand function is essential for performing daily tasks, but the hand is prone to various injuries and conditions.

• Traumatic Injuries: Fractures, tendon damage, amputations, and lacerations that may affect nerves or blood vessels.
• Congenital Deformities: These are present at birth and include conditions such as:
  • Congenital constriction band syndrome
  • Overgrowth or undergrowth of digits
  • Duplication of digits
  • Syndactyly (failure of digits to separate)
  • Underdeveloped fingers or thumbs
• Arthritis-related Deformities: Conditions like severe osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis cause joint and finger deformities.
• Overuse Injuries: These include repetitive strain conditions such as:
  • Carpal tunnel syndrome
  • Trigger finger
  • DeQuervain’s Synovitis
• Infections: Hand infections, particularly in people with diabetes, due to poor blood circulation in the extremities.

Hand surgery requires precision due to the delicate structures involved. Microscopic hand surgery is a specialized procedure performed on tiny structures like nerves and blood vessels, using specially designed instruments under a microscope. It is often used in the following scenarios:

• Repairing and reshaping damaged hand areas
• Reattaching severed fingers or hands
• Using grafts or flaps of skin, bone, or muscle from the patient or a donor for reconstruction
• Repairing small blood vessels with fine sutures

This advanced surgical approach can improve both the functionality and aesthetic appearance of the hand. In many cases, rehabilitation therapy is required after surgery to restore full hand function.